Texas State Flag (1861)

     This flag was adopted by the Texas Legislature in 1839, when the state was an independent republic. The white star in this depiction is deliberately off-center to resemble the "Wigfall Flag", made by Charlotte Maria Cross Wigfall (1818-), wife of Confederate Brig. Gen. and Senator Louis Trezevant Wigfall (21 April 1816-18 February 1874). Flown by 1^st Texas Infantry of Hood's Brigade, the flag was captured during the Battle of Sharpsburg (17 September 1862) after nine of the men who carried it had fallen.

Ordinance Of Secession Of Texas
(Passed (subject to voter ratification) in the State Capitol at Austin on 01 February 1861, by a vote of 166-8.
The referendum held 23 February 1861 confirmed it by a vote of 46,153-14,747.)

AN ORDINANCE
to dissolve the union between the State of Texas and the other States, united under the compact styled "the Constitution of the United States of America."

WHEREAS, the Federal Government has failed to accomplish the purposes of the compact of union between these States, in giving protection either to the persons of our people upon an exposed frontier, or to the property of our citizens; and, whereas, the action of the Northern States of the Union is violative of the compact between the States and the guarantees of the Constitution; and, whereas the recent developments in Federal affairs, make it evident that the power of the Federal Government is sought to be made a weapon with which to strike down the interests and prosperity of the people of Texas and her Sister slaveholding States, instead of permitting it to be, as was intended, our shield against outrage and aggression: THEREFORE,

SECTION 1. We, the People of the State of Texas, by Delegates in Convention assembled, do declare and ordain, that the Ordinance adopted by our Convention of Delegates, on the Fourth day of July, A.D. 1845, and afterwards ratified by us, under which the Republic of Texas was admitted into the Union with other States and became a party to the compact styled "The Constitution of the United States of America" be, and is hereby repealed and annulled; That all the powers, which by said compact, were delegated by Texas to the Federal Government, are revoked and resumed; That Texas is of right absolved from all restraints and obligations incurred by said compact, and is a separate Sovereign State, and that her citizens and people are absolved from all allegiance to the United States, or the Government thereof.

SECTION 2. This ordinance shall be submitted to the people of Texas for their ratification or rejection by the qualified voters thereof, on the 23^rd day of February 1861, and unless rejected by a majority of the votes cast, shall take effect and be in force on and after the 2^nd day of March, A.D. 1861. Provided, that in the Representative District of El Paso, said election may be held on the 19^th day of February, A.D. 1861.

Done by the people of the State of Texas, in Convention assembled at Austin, this the First day of February, A.D. 1861.

Ratified, 23 February 1861, by a referendum vote of 46,153 for and 14,747 against.

Texas Secession Convention Officers
(County of representation is in Parentheses.
To assist in completing full names contact the Historian.)

PRESIDENT

Oran Milo Roberts, Sr. (SMITH)

SECRETARY

R.T. Brownrigg (TRAVIS)

1^st ASSISTANT SECRETARY

William Dunn Schoolfield (WALKER)

2^nd ASSISTANT SECRETARY

R.W. Lundy (DALLAS)

SERGEANT-AT-ARMS

B.F. Durham (RUSK)

ASSISTANT SERGEANT-AT-ARMS

Alonzo T. Logan (TRAVIS)

PAGE

C. Alexander Hopkins (TRAVIS)

ASSISTANT PAGE

Julius Rufus Brown (BELL)

DOORKEEPER

J.W. Johnson

ASSISTANT DOORKEEPER

Wilson Randle (TRAVIS)

Texas Secession Convention Delegates
(A ↓ denotes a Delegate who voted in opposition to the Ordinance of Secession.
To assist in completing full names contact the Historian.)

ANDERSON

HILL & NAVARRO

Alexis T. Rainey
John Henninger Reagan
John G. Stewart

Joseph Alvey Clayton
Joseph Patterson Wier

AUSTIN

HOPKINS

David Young Portis
Edwin Waller

Richard Louis Askew
William Trigg Blythe
William M. Payne

BANDERA

HOUSTON

Edward Merrett Ross

John Andrew Box
John Ingram Burton
John R. Hayes

BASTROP

HUNT

Thomas Baytop Jefferson Hill
William Goodloe Miller

James Hooker
James Wilson

BEE

JASPER

Robert Graham

William Madison Neyland

BELL & LAMPASAS

JOHNSON

John Henry Brown
Elijah Sterling Clack Robertson

Adam Clark Hoyle

BEXAR

KARNES

Robert Weakley Brahan
Thomas Jefferson Devine
Sam S. Smith
John Allen Wilcox

John Littleton

BOSQUE

KAUFMAN

Allison Nelson

Isham Chisum

BOWIE

KERR

Hardin Richard Runnels

Charles Ganahl

BRAZORIA

LAMAR

John Austin Wharton

William H. Johnson↓
Lemuel Hardin Williams↓
George Washington Wright↓

BRAZOS

LAVACA

William McIntosh

Benjamin Franklin Moss
Benjamin Williams

BURLESON

LEON

Andrew Sidney Broaddus

Robert Simonton Gould
John Dennis Stell

BURNET

LIBERTY & POLK

Thomas Moore

Charles Lander Cleveland
James M. Maxey

CALDWELL

LIMESTONE

Spencer Ford

Davis M'Gee Prendergast

CALHOUN

LIVE OAK

J.J. Holt
Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale

John Donelson

CAMERON

LLANO

John Salmon "Rip" Ford
Francis W. Latham
James Walworth

Thomas M. McCraw

CASS

MARION

Albert Gallatin Clopton
William Warren

James Harrison Rogers
William Smith Todd
Robert H. Ward

CHAMBERS

MATAGORDA

Thomas Jefferson Chambers
William Morton Chambers

John Rugeley

CHEROKEE

McLENNAN

James Monroe Anderson
Joseph Lewis Hogg, Sr.
Thomas Jefferson Jennings
Peter Gremps Rhome

Richard Coke

COLLIN

MEDINA

Samuel A. Bogart
James Webb Throckmorton↓

Charles S. DeMontel
A. Nauendorf

COLORADO

MILAM

Thomas Scott Anderson
Alexander Hamilton Davidson

Charles Marion Lesueur

COMAL

MONTGOMERY

Theodore Koester
Walter F. Preston

Reuben J. Palmer

COMANCHE

NACOGDOCHES

Thomas Claiborne Frost

William Clark, Jr.
Haden Harrison Edwards
John N. Fall

COOKE

NEWTON

James Jackson Diamond

Francis P. Price

CORYELL

NUECES & WEBB

James M. Norris

Philip Noland Luckett
Henry Alonzo Maltby

DALLAS

PANOLA

W.S.J. Adams
Thomas Jefferson Nash
Edmund P. Nicholson
Pleasant Taylor

Thomas Gillam Davenport
Drury Field
William R. Poag

DeWITT

PARKER

William Read Scurry

Alfred T. Obenchain

EL PASO

REFUGIO

Philemon Thomas Herbert
Russell Howard

Alfred Marmaduke Hobby

ELLIS

ROBERTSON

Amzi Bradshaw
Thomas C. Neel

John H. Feeney

FALLS

RUSK

Charles Stewart

James R. Armstrong
Amos Ponder Gallaway
Malcolm Duncan Graham
William C. Kelly

FANNIN

SABINE

Elbert Early
Andrew Jackson Nicholson, Sr.
Gideon Smith

James M. Burroughs

FAYETTE

SAN AUGUSTINE

John Winfield Scott Dancy
James Seaton Lester
Thomas C. Moore

Calloway Deen, Sr.

FORT BEND

SHELBY

Benjamin Franklin Terry

Lewis F. Casey
Archibald W.O. Hicks

FREESTONE

SMITH

John Gregg
William Mynatt Peck

George Washington Chilton
Oliver Loftin
John Charles Robertson

GALVESTON

STARR

Robert C. Campbell
John Muller
Ebenezar B. Nichols

Noah Cox
Edward R. Hord

GOLIAD

TARRANT

Pryor Lea

James E. Cook
Nathaniel Terry

GONZALES

TITUS

John Ireland
Albert N. Mills
William Henry Stewart

William C. Batte
John Green Chambers
Joshua Foster Johnson↓

GRAYSON

TRAVIS

William Winfield Diamond
Jesse Marshall
James George Thompson

Henry Newton Burditt
George M. Flournoy
John Alexander Green

GRIMES

TYLER

Joseph H. Dunham
J.W. Hutchinson

Napoleon Bonaparte Charlton
Philip Alexander Work

GUADALUPE

UPSHUR

William Polk Hardeman

S.E. Black
Matthew Fielding Locke
James F. Newsom

HARDIN

VICTORIA

William A. Allen

Fielding Jones

HARRIS

WALKER

Peter W. Gray
Thomas Saltus Lubbock
William McCraven
William Peleg Rogers

Leonard Anderson Abercrombie
A.P. Wiley

HARRISON

WASHINGTON

Gilchrist McKay
William Beck Ochiltree
Alexander Pope
William Thomas Scott, Sr.

Williamson Simpson Oldham, Sr.
Jerome Bonaparte Robertson
James E. Shepard

HAYS

WILLIAMSON

James Coleman Watkins

Thomas Proctor Hughes↓
E. Thomason

HENDERSON

WILSON

Lewis W. Moore
William K. Payne

Claiborne Rector

HIDALGO

WOOD

Edward Dougherty

John D. Rains↓
A.P. Shuford↓

Delegates listed below were not part of secession proceedings, but served in the
Second Session (following the voter referendum), commencing 02 March 1861.

ANDERSON

KAUFMAN

T.J. Wood

William Nash

CALHOUN

LIMESTONE

Darwin Massey Stapp

John R. Henry

DENTON

McLENNAN

Stephen P. Beebe
J.H. Wilcox

James L.L. McCall

GALVESTON

RED RIVER

George Mason

George H. Bagby
John Ayers Chambers

HARRIS

SMITH

James Wilson Henderson

Tignal W. Jones

HARRISON

TYLER

Eli H. Baxter, Jr.
Montreville Jefferson Hall

Samuel Andrew Willson

HUNT

VAN ZANDT

Wiley Ammon Mattox

James Marshall Harrison

JASPER

VICTORIA

Jacob Leroy Holland

Wilkins Hunt

KARNES

WASHINGTON

Charles Arden Russell

William Allen Montgomery